A reversal in the ratio, where globulin exceeds albumin (i.e., ratio less than 1.0), is clinically significant. For example, with a total protein of 7 g/dL and albumin of 4 g/dL, the A/G ratio is calculated as 4/(7 – 4) or 4/3 = 1.33. Where globulin is the difference between the total protein value and the albumin value. The ratio is calculated using the following formula: The albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio is useful in the evaluation of liver and kidney disease. Results from specimens collected in an upright posture are higher than results from specimens collected in a supine position. However, in cases of kidney damage some albumin may be lost due to decreased kidney function as seen in nephrotic syndrome, and in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia.Īlbumin levels are affected by posture. ![]() Normally albumin is not excreted in urine. Hypoalbuminemia or low serum albumin, a level less than 3.4 g/dL, can stem from many causes and may be a useful predictor of mortality. Albumin levels are more useful as an indicator of chronic deficiency than of short-term deficiency. Low levels of albumin may be the result of either inadequate intake, inadequate production, or excessive loss. ![]() Albumin also significantly affects plasma oncotic pressure, which regulates the distribution of body fluid between blood vessels, tissues, and cells. Albumin, the protein present in the highest concentrations, is the main transport protein in the body for hormones, therapeutic drugs, calcium, magnesium, heme, and waste products such as bilirubin. Most of the body’s total protein is a combination of albumin and globulins.
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